Hari Shivaram Rajguru (1908 - March 23, 1931) was an Indian revolutionary. He is best known as an accomplice of Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev in the killing of a British police officer at Ferozpur in 1928 in order to take revenge for the death of veteran leader Lala Lajpat Rai due to excessive police beating. All three were convicted of the crime and hanged on March 23, 1931. Rajguru was hiding in Nagpur. He met Dr. K. B. Hedgewar and was hiding in one of the RSS worker's house. But after some days he went to Pune and later was arrested there.

Udham Singh (December 26, 1899 - July 31, 1940), born Sher Singh was a Sikh Punjabi Marxist and nationalist best known for assassinating Michael O'Dwyer in March 1940 in what has been described as an avengement of the Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre. Singh was also known as Ram Mohammed Singh Azad, symbolizing the unification of the three major religions of India: Hinduism, Islam and Sikhism.

Sukhdev Thapar (15th May 1907 - March 23, 1931) was an Indian revolutionary. He was organiser of revolutionary party in Punjab. That is why the consipiracy case constituted by British Colonial Government was waging war against King George and it was crown verses Sukhdev. It was for this reason that he was sentenced to death by a special tribunal the proceedings of which were bycotted by the accused persons because of biased and colonial attitude of the judges.

Bhagat Singh was criticized both by his contemporaries and by people after his death because of his violent and revolutionary stance towards the British opposed to the pacifist stance taken by the Indian National Congress and particularly Mahatma Gandhi. He was accused as having knowledge of the Kakori train robbery, which is now considered as an act of terrorism in the Indian independence movement. The methods he used to make his point, shooting Saunders and throwing non-lethal bombs, were quite different to the non-violent non-cooperation used by Gandhi.

Indian independence movement Bhagat Singh's death had the effect that he desired and he inspired thousands of youths to assist the remainder of the Indian independence movement. After his hanging, youths in regions around Northern India rioted in protest against the British Raj and also against the indifference of the Congress. Modern day legacy The Communist Party of India (Marxist) itself acknowledges Bhagat Singh's contribution to Indian society and, in particular, the future of socialism in India.

Mohandas Gandhi One of the most popular ones is that Mohandas Gandhi had an opportunity to stop Singh's execution but did not. This particular theory has spread amongst the public in modern times after the creation of modern films such as The Legend of Bhagat Singh, which portrayed Gandhi as someone who was strongly at odds with Bhagat Singh and did not oppose his hanging. A variation on this theory is that Gandhi actively conspired with the British to have Singh executed. Both theories are highly controversial and hotly contested.

Marxism Bhagat Singh's political thought evolved gradually from Gandhian nationalism to revolutionary Marxism. By the end of 1928, he and his comrades renamed their organization the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He had read the teachings of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Lenin and believed that, with such a large and diverse population, India could only survive properly under a socialist regime.

Shortly after his arrest and trial for the Assembly bombing, the British came to know of his involvement in the murder of J. P. Saunders. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were charged with the murder. Bhagat Singh decided to use the court as a tool to publicize his cause for the independence of India.He admitted to the murder and made statements against the British rule during the trial.The case was ordered to be carried out without members of the HSRA present at the hearing.

In the face of actions by the revolutionaries, the British government enacted the Defence of India Act to give more power to the police.[8] The purpose of the Act was to combat revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh. The Act was defeated in the council by one vote.[8] However, the Act was then passed under the ordinance that claimed that it was in the best interest of the public. In response to this act, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association planned to explode a bomb in the assembly where the ordinance was going to be passed.